Country: Russia
Group: Jews
Date Finalized: 11/30/2022
Team: Gabby Staker (lead), Juwairiah Afridi, Noelle Collings, Kelsey Dwyer, Aria Robinson
Content Warning: anti-Semitism, genocide
Approximate Time Period: 1881-1921
Jews in Russia are an ethno-religious group, historically concentrated around the western border in an economically-deprived area referred to as the “Pale of Settlement” in the 19th Century (Minority Rights Group, 2020). The Jewish experience of lethal violence came in three waves of pogroms– anti-Jewish riots and violent attacks (Lambroza, 1987). “Pogrom” is a Russian word which means “to wreak havoc, to demolish violently” (History, 2018). The first pogrom occurred in 1881 after the assassination of Alexander II. The second wave occurred from 1903-1906 in the Pale of Settlement, and the third occurred during the Russian Civil War. Since 1989, the Jewish population in Russia has declined by half, as a result of naturalization opportunities and both historic and ongoing discrimination and lethal violence.
The data quality for the Jewish experience of lethal violence is rated a 2 / 3 due to
Sources
- History Encyclopedia. (2018, January 25). Pogroms. HISTORY. https://www.history.com/topics/russia/pogroms
- Lambroza, S. (1987). The Tsarist Government and the Pogroms of 1903-06. Modern Judaism, 7(3), 287–296. http://www.jstor.org/stable/1396423
- Minority Rights Group. (2020, December). Jews. https://minorityrights.org/minorities/jews-5/